备份MySQL数据库除了information_schema、performance_schema、mysql自带库的其他生产库。

备份时将MySQL数据库中的每一个库都进行备份（穷举），生成一个包含数据结构和数据的备份文件和一个仅包含数据结构的备份文件。

通常此脚本将结合crontab一起使用，crontab的使用方法已经在脚本中列出。

允许用户修改的变量如下：

mysql_host=127.0.0.1 					# 主机地址
mysql_port=3306 						# 主机端口号
mysql_username=dev						# 备份时使用的用户名
mysql_password=dev						# 备份时使用的用户名的密码
mysql_basedir=/usr/local/mysql 			# mysqlbase目录，如果是自定义安装的mysql，则修改此处，使用软件包安装的mysql则无需修改此处
save_old_backups_for_days=5				# 保存备份文件的天数
mysql_backup_dir=/data/backup/db/mysql 	# mysql备份路径

脚本内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Function description:
# Backup MySQL databases for each, backup schema and schema with data in one action.

# Usage:
# bash BackupMysqlByDate.sh

# Birth Time:
# 2016-06-24 17:44:43.895515929 +0800

# Author:
# Open Source Software written by 'Guodong Ding <dgdenterprise@gmail.com>'
# Blog: http://dgd2010.blog.51cto.com/
# Github: https://github.com/DingGuodong

# Others:
# crontabs -- configuration and scripts for running periodical jobs
# SHELL=/bin/bash
# PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
# MAILTO=root
# HOME=/
# For details see man 4 crontabs
# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# |  .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# |  |  |  |  |
# *  *  *  *  * user-name command to be executed
# m h  dom mon dow   command
# execute on 11:59 per sunday
# 59 11 * * */0 /path/to/BackupMysqlByDate.sh >/tmp/log_backup_mysql_$(date +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S").log
# or
# execute on 23:59 per day
# 59 23 * * * /path/to/BackupMysqlByDate.sh >/tmp/log_backup_mysql_$(date +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S").log

USER="`id -un`"
LOGNAME="$USER"
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "WARNING: Running as a non-root user, \"$LOGNAME\". Functionality may be unavailable. Only root can use some commands or options"
fi

old_PATH=$PATH
declare -x PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

mysql_host=127.0.0.1
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username=dev
mysql_password=dev
mysql_basedir=/usr/local/mysql
save_old_backups_for_days=5
mysql_bin_mysql=${mysql_basedir}/bin/mysql
mysql_bin_dump=${mysql_basedir}/bin/mysqldump
mysql_backup_dir=/data/backup/db/mysql

date_format_type_dir=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
date_format_type_file=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)

echo "--------------------------------"
echo "=> do backup scheduler start at $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)"

# TODO, check user privileges
# check user if have 'RELOAD,EVENT' privileges,etc
# backup role
# GRANT ALTER,ALTER ROUTINE,CREATE,CREATE ROUTINE,CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES,CREATE VIEW,DELETE,DROP,EXECUTE,INDEX,INSERT,LOCK TABLES,SELECT,UPDATE,SHOW VIEW,RELOAD,EVENT ON *.* TO 'dev'@"%";
# FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

[ -d ${mysql_basedir} ] && mysql_datadir=${mysql_basedir}/data || mysql_datadir=/var/lib/mysql
[ -x ${mysql_bin_mysql} ] || mysql_bin_mysql=mysql
[ -x ${mysql_bin_dump} ] || mysql_bin_dump=mysqldump
[ -d ${mysql_backup_dir}/${date_format_type_dir} ] || mkdir -p ${mysql_backup_dir}/${date_format_type_dir}

mysql_databases_list=""
if [ -d ${mysql_datadir} ]; then
    mysql_databases_list=`ls -p ${mysql_datadir} | grep / |tr -d /`
else
    mysql_databases_list=$(${mysql_bin_mysql} -h${mysql_host} -P${mysql_port} -u${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password}\
        -e "show databases;" | grep -Eiv '(database|information_schema|performance_schema|mysql)')
fi

saved_IFS=$IFS
IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n'
for mysql_database in ${mysql_databases_list};do
    ${mysql_bin_dump} --host=${mysql_host} --port=${mysql_port} --user=${mysql_username} --password=${mysql_password}\
        --routines --events --triggers --single-transaction --flush-logs \
        --ignore-table=mysql.event --databases ${mysql_database} | \
        gzip > ${mysql_backup_dir}/${date_format_type_dir}/${mysql_database}-backup-${date_format_type_file}.sql.gz

    [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${mysql_database} backup successfully! " || \
        echo "${mysql_database} backup failed! "
    /bin/sleep 2

    ${mysql_bin_dump} --host=${mysql_host} --port=${mysql_port} --user=${mysql_username} --password=${mysql_password}\
         --routines --events --triggers --single-transaction --flush-logs \
         --ignore-table=mysql.event --databases ${mysql_database} --no-data | \
         gzip > ${mysql_backup_dir}/${date_format_type_dir}/${mysql_database}-backup-${date_format_type_file}_schema.sql.gz

    [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${mysql_database} schema backup successfully! " || \
        echo "${mysql_database} schema backup failed! "
    /bin/sleep 2
done
IFS=${saved_IFS}

save_days=${save_old_backups_for_days:-10}
need_clean=$(find ${mysql_backup_dir} -mtime +${save_days} -exec ls '{}' \;)
    if [ ! -z ${need_clean} ]; then
        find ${mysql_backup_dir} -mtime +${save_days} -exec rm -rf '{}' \;
        echo "$need_clean have been cleaned! "
    else
        echo "nothing can be cleaned, skipped! "
    fi

echo "=> do backup scheduler finished at $(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)"
echo -e "\n\n\n"

declare -x PATH=${old_PATH}

tag:mysqldump,备份MySQL数据库,MySQL数据库备份,mysql备份,mysql备份脚本